Introduction and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of concurrent caffeine supplement intake and an acute exercise session on the response of some cardiovascular factors in female table tennis players.

Methods: The statistical sample of this study consisted of 30 female players who were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into three 10-person groups: the 'Exercise' group (one session of intense activity), the 'Exercise-Supplement' group (one session of intense activity along with caffeine supplement consumption), and the 'Control' group (no activity and no supplement consumption). All subjects were homogeneous in terms of age, height, and weight, enjoyed general health, were not suffering from blood diseases, infections, or allergic conditions, and did not use any medication or tobacco.

Findings: The results of statistical analysis revealed that caffeine supplement consumption had a significant effect on the players' systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses. Furthermore, the consumption of this supplement also had a significant effect on their heart rate response. Additionally, it was found that a single acute exercise session alone significantly affected the responses of both blood pressure indices (systolic and diastolic) and the heart rate of the players.

Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be stated that both caffeine supplement intake and a single acute exercise session, each independently, can have a significant impact on cardiovascular responses (including blood pressure and heart rate) in female table tennis players.